Is there any way to create, for example, 10,000 unique single-use coupons which we can then hand out to individuals which can only be redeemed by them? If this is not possible within aMember, then I'm assuming I could code a PHP script with relative ease to generate said coupons. My only other question is: has anyone else tried doing this or generated a similar amount of copuons, and if so, did you run in to any problems?
You can create bulk coupons in amember and set them to one time use. Then you can export the list of coupon codes. So yes it will work like you want.